Poland will maintain the primary spherical of voting in its presidential election on Sunday.
This can be a hotly contested race between two main candidates – one from Civic Platform, the lead get together within the ruling Civic Coalition, and the opposite an unbiased backed by the principle opposition get together, Legislation and Justice (PiS).
Whereas a lot of the ability rests with the prime minister and parliament in Poland, the president is ready to veto laws and has affect over navy and overseas coverage selections. The present president, Andrzej Duda, who’s from PiS, has used his veto to dam reforms to the justice system that the federal government has been attempting to enact for a while.
Moreover, stories of overseas election interference have lately spooked voters who’re primarily involved with points such because the Russia-Ukraine warfare, immigration, abortion rights and the economic system.
Right here is all we all know in regards to the upcoming vote:
How does voting work?
Polish residents aged 18 or older can vote. There are about 29 million eligible voters. On Sunday, they’ll choose a single candidate from an inventory of registered presidential candidates. If a candidate wins at the very least 50 p.c of the vote, they win the election. If all candidates fall in need of the 50 p.c threshold, the nation will vote in a second spherical for the 2 prime contenders from the primary spherical on June 1. The winner of that contest will turn out to be president. The election is anticipated to go to a second spherical.
Presidents might serve a most of two five-year phrases in Poland. The present president reaches the top of his second time period on August 6.
What time do polls open and shut in Poland?
On Might 18, polls will open at 7am (05:00 GMT) and shut at 9pm (19:00 GMT).
What’s at stake?
In 2023, present Prime Minister Donald Tusk’s Civic Coalition ascended to energy, ending eight years of rule by the PiS get together’s authorities.
Whereas Tusk promised to reverse unpopular judicial reforms enacted by PiS, President Andrzej Duda, a former nationalist ally of the get together, has hampered Tusk’s efforts by utilizing his presidential energy to veto laws.
What are the important thing points?
Key points dominating this election embrace the Russia-Ukraine warfare.
When the warfare first broke out in February 2022, Poland threw its full help behind Ukraine, welcoming multiple million Ukrainian refugees who crossed the border with out paperwork.
On Might 10, Tusk, alongside different European leaders, visited Kyiv and gave Russian President Vladimir Putin an ultimatum to enact an unconditional 30-day ceasefire in Ukraine.
Nonetheless, relations between Poland and Ukraine have grown tense. Earlier this 12 months, Polish farmers led protests, arguing the market had been flooded with low cost agricultural merchandise from Ukraine.
There are additionally rising stories of Ukrainian refugees dealing with discrimination in Poland, in addition to resentment about welfare supplied to them.
There have been rising fears of a spillover of Russian aggression to Poland on account of its proximity to Ukraine. On Might 12, the Ministry of Overseas Affairs in Warsaw said an investigation had revealed that Moscow’s intelligence businesses had orchestrated a large hearth at a procuring centre in Warsaw in Might 2024.
A number of candidates for the presidential election have proposed elevating the defence funds to five p.c of GDP.
Poles even have financial considerations about taxes, housing prices and the state of public transport.
Abortion is a key situation in Poland. Poland has among the strictest abortion laws in Europe. Girls are solely allowed to have abortions in circumstances of rape or incest or if their life or well being are in danger.
In August 2024, Tusk acknowledged that he didn’t have sufficient backing from parliament to ship on certainly one of his key marketing campaign guarantees and alter the abortion regulation.
Opinion can also be cut up on whether or not LGBTQ rights must be restricted or expanded within the nation.
The nation can also be divided over how concerned it must be with the European Union (EU), with the PiS taking the stance that the nation could be higher off forming an alliance with the US than the EU.
Who’s working?
A complete of 13 candidates are vying for the presidency. The highest 4 candidates are:
Rafal Trzaskowski
Trzaskowski, 53, has been the liberal mayor of Warsaw since 2018 and is an ally of Tusk, affiliated with the PM’s political alliance, Civic Coalition. He’s additionally a senior member of the Civic Platform get together (PO), which heads the Civic Coalition. Trzaskowski was narrowly defeated by Duda within the 2020 presidential election.
Throughout his time as mayor, he was lauded for investing in Warsaw’s infrastructure and tradition. He proposes to extend defence spending to five p.c of gross home product (GDP) and to develop Poland’s arms and know-how business.
Trzaskowski has liberal views. He’s pro-Europe and certainly one of his marketing campaign guarantees consists of strengthening Poland’s place within the EU. One other certainly one of his pledges is to loosen up abortion legal guidelines, nevertheless, he has been quiet on this situation in the course of the run-up to the presidential election. He has additionally been supportive of the LGBTQ group and has attended satisfaction parades. This might alienate some extra conservative voters who reside exterior city centres.
For that reason, right-wing voters might vote in opposition to him within the second spherical of voting. Trzaskowski may additionally lose help from centrist and progressive voters, who’re pissed off by Tusk’s incapacity to carry reform to abortion legal guidelines.
Karol Nawrocki
Nawrocki, 42, is a conservative historian standing as an unbiased candidate backed by the PiS get together.
His educational work has been centred round anti-communist resistance. He at the moment administers the Institute of Nationwide Remembrance, the place his elimination of Soviet memorials has angered Russia. He administered the Museum of the Second World Conflict in northern Poland from 2017 to 2021.
His marketing campaign guarantees embrace decreasing taxes and pulling Poland out of the EU’s Migration Pact and Inexperienced Deal. He additionally needs to allocate 5 p.c of GDP to defence. Nawrocki is essential of giving extra rights to LGBTQ {couples}.
Nawrocki has had a justifiable share of controversies up to now. In 2018, he revealed a ebook a few infamous gangster beneath the pseudonym “Tadeusz Batyr”. In public feedback, Nawrocki and Batyr praised one another, with out revealing they had been the identical particular person.
Slawomir Mentzen
Mentzen, 38, is a far-right entrepreneur who leads the New Hope get together, a member of the Confederation coalition. He has levels in economics and physics; owns a brewery in Torun; runs a tax advisory agency; and is essential of presidency regulation, wishing for important tax cuts.
Mentzen has used social media platforms to attach with youthful voters.
He believes that Poland mustn’t take sides within the Russia-Ukraine warfare. He desires to make sure the Polish structure overrides EU legal guidelines and needs to withdraw from the EU Inexperienced Deal. He opposes LGBTQ rights and opposes abortion, even in circumstances of rape.
Forward of the 2019 election for the European Parliament, he mentioned: “We don’t need Jews, homosexuals, abortion, taxes or the European Union.” Since then, he has tried to distance himself from this assertion.
Whereas Poland affords free greater schooling, Mentzen dropped in opinion polls after he advocated for tuition charges in state colleges in late March.
Szymon Holownia
Holownia, 48, is a former journalist and tv personality-turned-politician. He’s the speaker, or marshal, of the decrease home of parliament, the Sejm.
In 2020, he based a centrist motion referred to as Polska 2050, which burgeoned into a celebration and ended up becoming a member of Tusk’s coalition.
Holownia needs to advertise regional growth alongside higher entry to inexpensive housing and bettering the general public transport system. He says he desires to scale back paperwork, help Polish companies and develop Poland’s home arms manufacturing capabilities.
Different candidates
Three leftist candidates are additionally working the election together with Deputy Senate Speaker Magdalena Biejat, 43, an advocate for girls’s rights, minority rights, inexpensive housing and abortion entry; Adrian Zandberg, 45, who has made related guarantees to Biejat; and educational and lawmaker Joanna Senyszyn, a former member of the Polish United Staff’ Celebration.
Different candidates embrace far-right Grzegorz Braun, who was pilloried globally for utilizing a fireplace extinguisher to place out Hanukkah candles in parliament in 2023, and journalist and YouTuber Krzysztof Stanowski, 42, who doesn’t have a political programme and needs to point out Poles behind the scenes of the marketing campaign whereas elevating cash for charity.
What do the opinion polls say?
As of Might 12, Trzaskowski was within the lead with the help of 31 p.c of voters, based on Politico’s polling combination. Nawrocki was in second place with 25 p.c, whereas Mentzen had 13 p.c and Holownia had 7 p.c.
When will we all know the outcomes?
As quickly as polls shut, Ipsos will launch an exit ballot based mostly on surveys undertaken at 500 randomly chosen polling stations. Whereas this isn’t the official end result, it’s anticipated to be extremely indicative of which approach the vote goes. Partial outcomes might begin to emerge on Sunday night time or Monday.
In Poland, voting all the time takes place on a Sunday. In 2020, the official outcomes for the primary spherical of voting had been confirmed on Tuesday morning.
What’s the election interference controversy about?
On Wednesday, Poland mentioned it had uncovered a potential election interference try through commercials on Fb.
“The NASK Disinformation Evaluation Heart has recognized political adverts on the Fb platform that could be financed from overseas. The supplies had been displayed in Poland,” based on an announcement by NASK, which is Poland’s nationwide analysis institute coping with cybersecurity. “The promoting accounts concerned within the marketing campaign spent extra on political supplies within the final seven days than any election committee.”
The NASK assertion didn’t specify which international locations’ monetary backers of the marketing campaign had been believed to be based mostly in. Fears of Russian election interference are excessive in Europe after Romania declared a do-over of its November presidential election after stories emerged of alleged Russian election interference. The primary spherical of the repeat election occurred on Might 4, with the second spherical on account of occur on Might 18. This was after far-right politician Calin Georgescu, who was polling in single digits in the course of the marketing campaign, surprisingly emerged victorious.
